When you think of Tuscany, your mind likely conjures up images of rolling hills, sun-drenched vineyards, and tables laden with Italian delicacies. Among those culinary treasures, cheese holds a special place in the hearts (and stomachs) of locals and visitors alike. Tuscany is a paradise for cheese lovers, offering not just Pecorino—its most famous dairy delight—but a variety of artisanal cheeses that reflect the region’s rich agricultural heritage. In this guide, we’ll take you on a journey through Tuscany’s cheesemaking traditions, introduce you to its most iconic varieties, and share tips on how to enjoy them like a true Tuscan.

The Art of Cheesemaking in Tuscany

Cheesemaking in Tuscany is as much an art as it is a tradition. For centuries, the region’s farmers and shepherds have crafted cheese using time-honored techniques passed down through generations. The key ingredient? Tuscany’s lush pastures and diverse flora, which give the milk—and ultimately the cheese—its distinct flavors.

Sheep’s milk takes center stage in Tuscany, as the hilly terrain is ideal for grazing sheep. While cow and goat milk are also used, it is Pecorino, made from sheep’s milk, that reigns supreme. However, beyond Pecorino, there is a rich tapestry of cheeses waiting to be discovered, each offering a unique taste of Tuscany’s terroir.

Pecorino Toscano: The Star of the Show

When it comes to Tuscan cheeses, Pecorino Toscano is undoubtedly the star. Recognized as a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) product, Pecorino Toscano is made exclusively in Tuscany and neighboring regions, adhering to strict guidelines to ensure its authenticity.

Varieties of Pecorino Toscano

1. Pecorino Toscano Fresco: This is the younger, softer version of Pecorino Toscano. Aged for just 20 to 30 days, it has a creamy, mild flavor with a hint of sweetness. It’s perfect for pairing with honey, fresh fruit, or a slice of crusty bread.
2. Pecorino Toscano Stagionato: Aged for a minimum of four months, this hard cheese develops a richer, nuttier flavor with a slightly crumbly texture. It pairs beautifully with robust red wines like Chianti or Brunello di Montalcino.

Visiting Pecorino Producers

To truly appreciate Pecorino Toscano, consider visiting a local cheesemaker. Towns like Pienza, often called the “Capital of Pecorino,” offer guided tours of dairies where you can witness the cheesemaking process firsthand and sample fresh Pecorino straight from the source.

Beyond Pecorino: Other Tuscan Cheeses to Savor

While Pecorino may steal the spotlight, Tuscany is home to a variety of other cheeses that deserve attention. Here are a few to add to your tasting list:

1. RaviggioloA fresh, creamy cheese made from cow’s or sheep’s milk, Raviggiolo is delicate and slightly tangy. It’s often enjoyed on its own, drizzled with olive oil, or spread on fresh bread. You’ll find it in markets during autumn and winter, as it’s traditionally made during these seasons.
2. CaprinoThis goat cheese comes in various forms—soft, aged, or even coated in herbs or ash. It boasts a slightly tart flavor and pairs wonderfully with white wines like Vernaccia di San Gimignano.
3. MarzolinoNamed after the month of March (Marzo), when it’s traditionally made, Marzolino is a semi-soft cheese with a mild, buttery flavor. It’s often served as an appetizer or melted over vegetables for a comforting dish.
4. CaciottaA versatile cheese made from cow’s, sheep’s, or a blend of milks, Caciotta is mild and creamy, making it an excellent choice for cooking or snacking. Variations include Caciotta al Tartufo, infused with aromatic truffles for an extra layer of decadence.
5. Scoppolato di PedonaThis rare, semi-hard cheese hails from the Lucca region and is aged for over a year. Its intense, slightly spicy flavor makes it a favorite among cheese aficionados.

Pairing Tuscan Cheeses with Local Delights

To fully appreciate Tuscan cheeses, pair them with the region’s other culinary treasures. Here are some classic combinations:

• Wine: Tuscany’s world-class wines, including Chianti, Montepulciano, and Vernaccia, are natural partners for cheese. Match younger cheeses with lighter whites and aged cheeses with bolder reds.
• Honey and Jam: Tuscan cheeses shine when paired with local honeys like acacia or chestnut, as well as fruit preserves made from figs, pears, or quince.
• Bread and Olive Oil: Simple yet sublime, a slice of fresh Tuscan bread drizzled with extra virgin olive oil makes an excellent cheese accompaniment.
• Cured Meats: Add a few slices of Prosciutto Toscano or Finocchiona (fennel salami) to your cheese platter for a taste of Tuscany’s charcuterie traditions.

Where to Enjoy Tuscan Cheese

1. Farm Visits and Agriturismi: Many Tuscan farms open their doors to visitors, offering cheese tastings and farm-to-table meals. Agriturismi (farm stays) often include cheese-focused experiences, making them an ideal choice for foodies.
2. Local Markets: Tuscany’s vibrant markets are a cheese lover’s dream. Visit markets like Mercato Centrale in Florence or weekly village markets to discover a wide selection of artisanal cheeses.
3. Restaurants and Enotecas: Many Tuscan restaurants and wine bars feature cheese platters on their menus, allowing you to sample a variety of local cheeses paired with wine.
4. Cheese Festivals: Time your visit with events like the Fiera del Cacio in Pienza or the Mostra Mercato del Tartufo e del Formaggio in Volterra to immerse yourself in Tuscany’s cheese culture.

Bringing Tuscan Cheese Home

If you want to savor the flavors of Tuscany long after your trip, many cheesemakers and specialty shops offer vacuum-sealed cheeses that are perfect for travel. Be sure to check customs regulations before bringing cheese home, especially if you’re traveling internationally.

Final Thoughts

Tuscany is a dream destination for cheese lovers. From the iconic Pecorino Toscano to lesser-known gems like Raviggiolo and Marzolino, the region offers an unparalleled variety of flavors and textures. Whether you’re exploring local markets, visiting cheesemakers, or enjoying a leisurely meal at an agriturismo, Tuscany’s cheeses promise to delight your palate and deepen your appreciation for this enchanting region.

So pack your appetite and get ready to indulge in Tuscany’s cheesy treasures. Your taste buds will thank you!